Centrifugal liquid-separator



` "Patented Aug.- 9, 1887,.,

C. A. BACKSTROM. GENTRIFUGAL LIQUID SEPARATOR.

,./Elm

Elf

{No Model.)`

v UNITED STATES Y PATENT Ormea C. AXEL BACKS'IROM, OF TRENTON, NEV JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO THE BACK- STROM CENTRIFUGAL SEPARATOR COMPANY, OF NEW JERSEY.

CENTRlFUGAL LIQUID-SEPARATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Parent No. 368,049, dated August 9, iaa'.

Application tlell March l1, 1887.

liquid separators; and although hereinafter described as to its construction and operation in connection with the separation of cream from milk, the invention is not limited to any particular use of the same. v

Among the objects of the invention are to control the quality of a lighter constituent while the machine is in operation, to vary the quality of both constituents at will while the machine is in operation, and to provide a separating-bowl of suoli construction and having such accessories as will accomplish the objects In view.

Heretofore the quality of a lighter constituent has been controlled by changing the capacity of the port or orice through which the heavier constituent has been delivered; but said port or oriice having been located in a wall of the bowl, it has been necessary, in order to change the capacity of said port, (to increase or decrease the amount of the heavier constituent delivered from the bowl,) to stop the rotation of the bowl'and the operation of the machine.

This is exceedingly objectionable because of the loss of time incurred. It therefore follows that the provision of any means for con- `Itrolling or varying at will the quality of the lighter constituent delivered from the machine is a matter of material value, not only by reason of the fact that a lighter constituent, having an almost absolute purity, (that is, almost absolutely free from any mixture of the heavier constitueut,) can be secured, but, as is. sometimes desired, such lighter constituents may be more or less impregnated or mixed with the heavier. In fact, if while during the operation of the machine the lighter constituent/is by proper test shown to contain serial No. 230,518. (No moua.)

a material percentage of the heavier, (which to a'greater or less degree has heretofore been the actual fact-Q any material quantity or excess of the heavier constituent can by my in- -Iighten My invention consists of certain features of construction hereinafter described, and particularly pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the drawings, Figure l is a side elevation, with portions in section, of a ccntrifugal machine constructed in accordance A with my invention. Fig. 2 is a similar view of portions of Fig. 1. provided with a dischargeq conductor t'or the heavier constituent.

Like letters indicate like parts in both figures.

A represents a portion of any suitable framework for the operative parts of the machine.

B represents the spindle, upon which the separating-bowl C is mounted in any suitable manner. The bowl C has a depression or neck, C', in the bottoni thereof, and at the bottom of the neck is a port, C2, for the discharge oi' a lighter constituent. C3v represents the supplychamber of the bowl, and from said chamber there extends a supply-pipe, C, radially andr near to the inner periphery of the bowl. In this instance a shield or cone, C5, is formed or may be mounted on the supply-chamber and projects upwardly t-o or aboveor through a central opening in the top of the bowl. the top of the bowl is formed'an annular chamber, C, from whiclrthere depends a pipe, C7, which terminates nearthe inner periphery of the bowl and serves the purpose of conducting the heavier constituent upwardly into the annular chamber C. A cream-receiving bowl, D, is mounted upon the standard A and has a discharge-spout, D. There is castintegrally with the bowl D a stud or standard, D2, which has secured to it by a pivot, D3, an arch or curved arm, D4, said arm being retained in a position over the bowl by a pin, D5. The arch Upon or arm I)4 is provided with a pocket, D, arranged centrally over the bowl. IVithin the pocket is a sleeve, E, having an annular groove, E', for the reception of a set-screw, E2, which serves the purpose of retaining the sleeve within the pocket D6. The sleeve is bored for the reception or connection of a feed-pipe, F, having a stop-cock or valve, F', and is provided with a socket, E, which serves the purpose of supporting a dischargeconductor, G.

The conductor G is provided with a stopcock or valve, G7 and is capable of longitudinal movement in the socket E. In Fig. 2 is illustrated a screw-threaded connection, whereby the longitudinal movement of the conductor is made regular. The provision of a capability of longitudinal movement enables.

the conductor to be extended into the annular chamber a greater or less distance, as desired, while the rotatable connection of theA sleeve with the arch or arm permits of a rotation of the conductor, so as to present the delivery end thereto at any desired point around the machine, as indicated by dotted lines X, Fig. 2.

In this instance a flexible hose or other extension, G'l, connects with the discharge-pipe, and may communicate with any desired receptacle for the heavier constituent.

This being the construction, -the operation is as follows: It is well known that in separating cream from milk in a centrifugal machine the milk, being the heavier constituent, colleets at a point farther from the center of motion of the rotating bowl than the cream, and

that the cream naturally collects in an annular body inside of the body of the milk. The annular body of cream collects in a Vertical plane substantially conforming with that of the wall ofthe neck C' of the bowl, and falls by gravity into said neck, from whence it is dclivered through the port C2 into the cream-receiver D, and from thence through the spout D thereof into any suitable receptacle. The milk is supplied through the pipe F to the supply-chamber C, and from thence it passes through the pipe C into the bowl. The discharge-pipe C7 conducts the skimmed milk into the annular chamber G. The delivery.- conductor G is projected into the annular chamber C and gathers, conducts, and delivers the skimmed milk from the machine. Now, in case any ofthe skimmed milk should be spattered, thrown, or otherwise detached from the body of skimmed milk in the annular chamber C, it is received by the cone or shield C5 and directed again into the supply-chamber of the bowl, whereby the said skimmed milk is prevented from becoming mixed with the annular body of cream within the bowl.

The relative arrangement of the parts required for the collection of the skimmed milk (herein shown) is important in so far as it involves a disposition of the heavier constituent above the lighter when within the bowl, for the reasons above given; but the same is not broadly claimed in this application, as it forms the subject-matter of a companion application pending herewith. The provision ol' a cone or shield is also a material improvement, as it renders the subsequent admixturc of the once separated constituents absolutely impossible, and in this regard contributes to the production of a practically pure lighter constituent. Now it is apparent that, as hereinbefore generally stated, if the delivery conductor G is adjusted within the annular chamber C0, so as to collect therefrom its fullest capacity of skimmed milk, and if the valve G of the conductor be entirely open (it being understood that the supply is properly regulated to the capacity of the bowl by means of the valve F) the cream will be practically free from skimmed milk, and thatii' under the same circumstances the valve G be partially closed more or less of the skimmed milk within the bowl may become mixed with and delivered with the cream. Therefore the quality of the lighter eonstituentis entirelyunder the control oi the operator, and by reason of the accessibility of the discharge-conductor and its controlling-valve, both of which are relatively fixed, such a control of the quality of the lighter constituent may be exercised while the machine is in operation.

It seems to be essential that the deliveryconductor should be continuous and unbroken from one end thereof (which is located at that portion of a separating-bowl at which the heavier eonstituentis collected during the operation of the bowl) to a point outside of the machine and accessible to the operator.

Certain features of construction herein shown and described are not claimed, as they form the subject-matter of another application pending herewith.

Having described my invention and its operation, what I claim is-u 1. In a centrifugal machine, and in combination with the supply-chamber thereof, an annular chamber arranged at the top of the bowl and having communication with the portion of the bowl near its inner periphery, and aI shield arranged between the supply-bowl and the annular chamber, substantially as specified.

2. A bowl for a centrifugal machine provided with an upper annular chamber for a heavier constituent, a lower discharge-port for a lighter constituent, and a shield arranged be tween said chamber and port, whereby direct access of a heavier constituent to the portion of the bowl occupied by the lighter constituent is prevented, substantially as speciied.

3. The combination of the separating-bowl C, the cream-bowl D, having the standard D?, the pivoted arch or arm D, the sleeve E, and the deliveryconductor G, substantially as specified.

4. 'Ihe combination, with the bowl C, of the arch or arm D, having the poel-'et D, *be sleeve E, having the socket E an il h ery-conductor G, and means for .airing ii e IOC IIO

seeve within the pocket, substantially as In testimony whereof Iafx my signaturein Speeed.` presence of two witnesses.

5. The combinatiou of the arch or arm D4 having the pocket D6, the apertured sleeve E; C AXEL BAGKSTRGM' 5 having the socket Ea and conductor G, and the Witnesses:

supply-pipeF, communicating Withthe sleeve, THEO. C. MAPLE, substantially as speeied. l C. D. SHEPARD'. 

